There is no denying fact that necessity is the mother of all
inventions. Thus all the machines are invented with a single purpose. In
earlier days, giving shapes to metal was a tedious job & time-consuming
process. Therefore, the invention of the lathe machine made the job of metal
shaping much easier. Generally, it is used to remove the unwanted part from the
metals to give it a new shape. And, the material is rotated against the tool
which trims down the material into shape. However, in olden times, it was
operated manually but the machine got many innovative improvements after that.
Well, the technological changes brought many versatile
changes to a lathe
machine. And, there are many products which we use in our daily life using
metals of different shapes & sizes. So, the production of all these
products has been possible only due to a lathe machine. Thus, every other
industry is influenced and it can even perform the complicated process of
shaping metals. Therefore, to manufacture any metal product, the basic
requirement is to shape it and that is possible only due to this tool.
Necessary Elements of a Lathe Machine
Normally, it provides a variety of rotating speeds as well
as different features that can enable manual and automatic controls for moving
the cutting tool. And, there are various types of equipment available like
light-duty, medium-duty, heavy-duty, extra heavy-duty and many more. Thus, no
matter which device you choose, suiting to your job requirements, the following
are the common elements which are present in every lathe machine as given
below:-
1. Chuck – is used to holding the workpiece and can be
replaced with Jacobs chuck or center for alternative work holding.
2. Tailstock – that is used to hold and located the tail
center and can be unlocked & slid towards the chuck.
3. Tail center - that is used to hold the end of long pieces
of work, as the small lengths can just be held in the chuck. And, Centre can be
removed and replaced with Jacobs chuck and drill as well as the advance wheel
rotated to drill the work.
4. Tool Post –that is used to hold the cutting tool in a precise
location.
5. Cross Slide – This runs on the bed rails and has a
mounting for the tool post which can be driven forward by the tool post advance
wheel to bring the cutting tool on to the workpiece.
6. Cross Slide Advance – that is used to move the cross
slide and tool post sideways as well as hence the cutting tool towards and away
from the chuck.
7. Drive pulleys and belts – that are used to achieve
various speeds by varying the belt position on the pulleys.
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